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Ras-al-Khaimah
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RAS AL-KHAIMAH is one of the Persian Gulf Arab sheikhdoms forming the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Area - 2 478 кв.км. Population - 241000. (2013) Capital - Ras al-Khaimah Ras al-Khaimah has been the site of human habitation for several millennia and there are many historical and archaeological sites throughout the emirate dating from different time periods, including remnants of the Umm an-Nar Culture (3rd millennium BC). The city was historically known as Julfar. Archaeological evidence has demonstrated that the settlement known as Julfar shifted location over time as harbour channels silted up. In the early 18th century, the Al Qasimi clan established itself in Ras Al Khaimah on the Arab Peninsula. In 1819, a British naval force was sent from Bombay in order to suppress piracy that affected shipping in the Strait of Hormuz, along the Persian Gulf coast, and the Indian Ocean. In the Battle of Ras Al Khaimah of 1819, the pirate fleet was largely destroyed. The British operation continued to Linga on the Persian coast that was like the Greater and Lesser Tunbs islands administered by the Al Qasimi on behalf of Persia. The attack on Ras Al Khaimah resulted in the destruction of the tower of the 16th century Dhayah Fort whose remains can be seen at Rams in northern Ras Al Khaimah. In January of the following year, the British imposed the General Maritime Treaty of 1820 signed by Sheikh Sultan Bin Saqr Al Qasimi who was reinstated by the British in Ras Al Khaimah after Hasan Bin Rahma had been deposed.[5] The treaty stipulated the end of piracy and slavery, and laid the foundation for the British protectorate over the Trucial States that lasted until 1971. In 1869, Ras Al Khaimah became fully independent from neighbouring Sharjah. However, from September 1900 to 7 July 1921, it was re-incorporated into Sharjah; the last governor became its next independent ruler. On 10 February 1972, Ras al-Khaimah, under the leadership of Sheikh Saqr bin Mohammad al-Qassimi, joined the United Arab Emirates. .
